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  • What are the terms bail, security deposit and deposit?
    Deposit of a certain value, e.g. money, securities as collateral (custody account) for a possible obligation that might arise from the violation of a right, e.g. non-compliance with a contract.
  • What are lift and slide doors?
    Lift and slide doors as a modern and elegant version of the balcony door, in combination with other floor-level elements, are part of a modern facade design. Due to the large window area, these doors allow more light into the rooms and the living area to appear more spacious. In addition, lift and slide doors ensure a smooth transition from inside to outside. Due to this barrier-free design, they are also suitable for older people or people with disabilities.

    Lift and slide doors can only be pushed open by the closing mechanism and not tilted.
  • What is safety glass?
    The term safety glass covers various types of glass with safety properties. The main distinction is between toughened safety glass (ESG) and laminated safety glass (VSG).
  • What is meant by a schedule?
    A schedule is a representation of a set of appointments. Time schedules can be in graphical (bar chart, network, bar network) or tabular form.

    Graphical, time-related representation of the planned activities, events and possibly relationships with geographical, organizational and other assignments.
  • What do seals do?
    Seals are fitted to each window to prevent or reduce sound transmission and heat loss. They are also intended to dampen the noises that occur when the window is closed and prevent draughts through the window.
  • What are the characteristics of single-pane safety glass (ESG)?
    Single-pane safety glass (ESG) is produced by thermal tempering. The glass pane is heated in a special furnace to overheat. 600 °C in a special furnace and then quenched with cold air. This creates zones of different tension in the glass. ESG is often referred to as "tempered glass", which is not correct - ESG is not "harder", but has other properties: increased resistance to temperature changes as well as high resistance to bending, impact and shock. If it is destroyed, however, ESG breaks into small pieces and thus has a lower risk of injury.
  • What is the function of the site manager?
    The appointed local site managers and experts supervise and coordinate the execution work. They are the contact persons for the contractors and suppliers and are provided by offices or overall service providers.
  • What are the special features of Sitka spruce as a material?
    Abbreviation DIN EN 13556: PCST

    Botanical name: Picea sitchensis, family of the Pinaceae

    Distribution: West coast of North America (Alaska, British Columbia, Northern California, Oregon, Washington)

    Trade names: Sitka Spruce, Sitka Spruce, Tideland Spruce, Western Spruce

    Short description
    Of the numerous species of spruce, Sitka, known as Sitka Spruce in the English-speaking world, together with the native spruce (= Picea abies) is one of the most important spruce woods.

    Straight and round, thicker at the base, with roots and slightly woody. Diameter usually 0.8 to 1.2 m. Branchless trunks often 15 to 20 m, sometimes up to 30 m long and with a particularly large proportion of knotless wood.

    Colour and structure
    Sapwood yellowish-white to whitish-grey, 3 to 6 cm wide. Heartwood slightly light brown to pinkish brown, slightly darkening and therefore still distinguishable from the sapwood in contrast to native spruce; planed with a silky sheen. Pores not present. Wood rays very fine, only still visible as small mirrors. Storage cells not perceptible. Sitka, like many coniferous wood species, contains resin channels; however, their number and size is so small that they cannot be seen without a magnifying glass. The strongest influence on the appearance of the wood results from the formation of the annual rings. They consist of a broad, light-coloured early wood and a narrow, brown late wood, sharply set off on one side, which is easily recognisable as a darker grain or striped structure. The width of the annual rings, which mainly depends on the age of the tree, is often less than 4 mm, whereby the early wood, in contrast to the larch among others, always remains wider than the late wood.

    Total character
    Bright, light and usually finely evenly structured coniferous wood.

    Deviations
    The wood of Sitka spruce grown in Europe is basically the same in appearance; however, due to its low age, it has a less fine-grained quality and a lower proportion of knot-free wood.

    Properties
    Light and mostly fine-grained softwood with predominantly good strength properties at a relatively low weight; the best qualities include wood with annual ring widths of 1 to 4 mm. The drying process is fast and can be carried out as open-air or technical drying. The visual coil is moderately large and gives satisfactory to good durability. The processing can be carried out easily and cleanly with all hand and machine tools with only little effort. In the case of wood which is more coarse, care must be taken to ensure that the tools are sharp enough to avoid woolly surfaces or dented edges when planing, milling, drilling or chiselling. Sitka is easy to nail, screw and glue.

    The resistance to fungal attack is still sufficient for outdoor use due to the low moisture absorption if ground contact and stagnant moisture are avoided (resistance class 4-5 according to EN 350-2).

    The dry wood is odourless.

    Surface treatment
    Sitka is a good paint carrier and therefore suitable for all painting methods used in interior design, such as colourless, coloured, transparent or opaque paints, and can also be treated to emphasise the structure by reaction staining or simple colour stains. Mechanical processes, such as firing, can be carried out effectively. For outdoor use in exposed locations, chemical protection against fungal attack must be used (see Properties).

    Areas of application
    In interior construction as solid wood for wall and ceiling panelling, including sauna rooms as well as for light frame constructions, mouldings and panelling, in musical instrument construction for organs and soundboards. Due to its good bending strength and relatively low weight, it is particularly suitable for ladder struts, sports equipment, boat masts, belts and for the construction of racing boats and gliders. As sliced veneer mainly for laminated parts of particularly light, load-bearing constructions. In the North American countries where Sitka Spruce is produced, large quantities of its wood are also used to make boxes, packing drums and butter churns, as well as for the production of high-quality cellulose.

    Remarks
    Since Spruce is basically the English collective name for all spruce woods, the woods of other American spruce species, such as White Spruce (= Picea glauca), Bleck spruce (= P. mariana) and Engelmann Spruce (= P. engelmannif) are also referred to in the trade as Spruce in short form.

    Sitka spruce - Technical properties
    Weight air-dry480 kg/m³
    Weight dry-dry410 kg/m³
    Compressive strength u12-15 41 N/mm²
    Flexural strength u12-15 71 N/mm²
  • What do you mean by solar gains?
    Solar gains are the results of the passive use of solar energy through direct and diffuse solar radiation on transparent building components. The solar gains are influenced by the g-value of the glazing, size and orientation of the windows and the type of shading.
  • What distinguishes sound insulating glass?
    Insulating glass receives improved sound insulation properties through asymmetrical structures, thicker panes, the use of laminated glass with special films and / or enlarged spaces between panes.
  • What is the sound reduction index?
    The sound reduction index is given the abbreviation Rw. It indicates how well a component is insulated against airborne sound. The sound reduction index is given in decibels and was an important selection criterion especially for soundproof windows.
  • Why do you need spacers?
    Spacers are used in windows to keep two or more panes at the same distance. A gap is created between the circumference of the spacer and the protruding glass edge. This is filled with an elastic sealing layer, so that an edge seal is created. It prevents the filling of the space between the panes (inert gas) from escaping from this space or water vapour from penetrating into this wiper space. One spacer for double glazing, two spacers for triple glazing. A distinction is also made between the materials of the spacers, particularly with regard to their insulating properties.
  • What are the special features of spruce as a material?
    Short symbol DIN EN 13556: PCAB

    Botanical name: Picea abies (syn.: P. excelsa), family Pinaceae

    Distribution: Central and Northern Europe, European Russia

    Trade names: European spruce, Nordic spruce, red spruce, "red fir", Baltic whitewood, spruce, Norway spruce (GB); épicea (FR); abete rosso (IT); vuren (NL)

    Short description
    The European spruce (Picea abies) has long been one of the most important German commercial tree species. It accounts for approx. 32% of the total forest area and is the most important supplier of wood for forestry. Other species of regional importance are the Serbian spruce (P. omorica), the Siberian spruce (P. ovata), the Himalayan spruce (P. smithiana) as well as the North American angelman spruce (P. engelmannii), white spruce (P. glauca) and black spruce (P. mariana).
    Sapwood and heartwood are not distinguishable by colour. The wood is yellowish white and has a matt shine, darkening to yellowish brown under the influence of light. The regular alternation between light early wood and darker late wood results in clear grain on tangential surfaces and narrow stripes on radial surfaces. The small resin channels are only visible with a magnifying glass on smooth cross-sections. Fresh wood has a slightly resinous smell.

    Overall character
    Straight grained, light-coloured softwood without heartwood colouring, clearly structured by dark late wood bands.

    Deviations
    Strong rotary growth; compression wood (redwood); pine wood caused by resinification of the tissue; resin pockets; red colouring caused by fungal attack (red rot); hazel growth through fine-waved annual rings.

    Surface treatment
    Spruce wood, after appropriate removal of any resin spots, can be treated well with any means and by any method, covering or glazing.

    Machinability
    The wood of spruce is light, soft and relatively elastic and load-bearing. Both fresh and dry wood can be worked quickly and gently by machine and hand with all tools. It is also good for peeling and knives, provided the number and size of knots is small. The screw and nail strength is still satisfactory, gluing is problem-free.

    Drying
    The average shrinkage and swelling values result in good stability. Both natural and technical drying proceeds rapidly with a generally low tendency to cracking and deformation.

    Areas of application
    Spruce wood is offered as round timber, sawn timber, veneer as well as in the form of glued construction elements (solid structural timber, glued laminated timber). It is by far the most widely used building and construction timber in building construction and civil engineering, e.g. for roof-bearing and other structures in industrial, sports facility, hydraulic and bridge construction. In interior construction, spruce is versatile and can be used for skeletal structures, load-bearing walls and ceilings, floors, staircase, wall and ceiling panelling, built-in furniture, sauna construction, etc., and outdoors for façade panelling, balconies, windows and doors, fences and gates. Furthermore, spruce is the most important bulk wood for pallets, many wood-based materials and for the pulp and paper industry. Uniformly grown, fine-grained and knot-free spruce wood from high altitudes in the low mountain ranges and the Alps (approx. from 600 to 700 m) is the world's preferred and almost exclusively used resonance wood for tops and backs of string and keyboard instruments with a demanding sound.

    Notes
    After prolonged water storage, bacterial attack can cause uneven absorption of the surface treatment agents and thus staining; the technical usability of the wood is not affected by this. The resistance of spruce wood to weak alkalis and acids is relatively high.

    Spruce - Technical Properties
    Weight fresh700-850 kg/m³
    Weight air-dry430-470 kg/m³
    Compressive strength u12-1540-50 N/mm²
    Flexural strength u12-1565-77 N/mm²
    Modulus of elasticity (bending) u12-1510000-12000 N/mm²
    Hardness (JANKA) ⊥, converted1.5-2.8 kN
    Hardness (BRINELL) ⊥ to fiber u12-1512-16 N/mm²
    Differential shrinkage (radial)0.15-0.19 %
    Differential shrinkage (tangential)0,27-0,36 %
    pH value4.0-5.3
    Natural durability (DIN-EN 350-2)4
  • What is a standard window?
    To calculate certain values of a window in a comparable way, a standard window is used as a basis. This is important, for example, for calculating the U-value of the window. Standard windows have the dimensions 1.23 x 1.48 meters according to DIN EN 14351-1.
  • What do you need sun protection for?
    Sun protection (also known as shading) in architecture aims to protect buildings and their users from the unwanted effects of strong solar radiation. These unwanted side effects consist of glare and reflections as well as overheating of the building. Another important function is protection against UV radiation, for example to prevent furniture from fading. Despite the sun protection, a high degree of transparency should often be maintained. Due to the extensive use of glass in modern architecture, sun protection also plays an important role in façade design. Depending on their position and function, a distinction is made between different sun protection systems, which have different advantages. External sun protection, such as the awning, the external venetian blind, the roller shutter, the armour, the window shutter, the folding blind or the curtain, function primarily via absorption. The internal sun protection is realized, as for example with the venetian blind, by the principle of reflection.
  • What exactly is sun protection glass?
    Generic term for glasses which - usually with the help of a coating - have a low g-value to avoid excessive heating in summer. It is regularly used in administrative buildings or similar, but can also be a sensible alternative to thermal insulation glass in large glass areas in private houses. Traditional solar control glass is more or less coloured; modern products are colour neutral and have high light transmission despite their low total energy transmittance.
  • What is a Swisspacer?
    Swisspacer is the registered name of a warm edge spacer developed by the Swiss company Saint-Gobain. Swisspacer is established worldwide and is one of the leading products on the market according to a study by the testing institute ift Rosenheim.

Welcome to ENERsign® Price Configurator with U-Value window Calculation:

You don’t want to go through the trouble of obtaining various offers, but would like to find out the recommended prices and U-values for our high-quality ENERsign®primus window? Then try our price configurator, here you can put together your desired windows as you wish and try out different sizes and designs.

All you need is the desired dimensions and window types and you can configure immediately. The window price and U-value window will be adjusted automatically, so that you always have an overview and can compare directly.

We are uncompromising in the product we offer:
ENERsign®primus elements with at least triple glazing with a U-value glass of 0.52 W/m²K and a g-value of 53%. Other designs and special glasses are available on request.

Welcome to the ENERsign® U-Value window configurator:

The U-value window is also called heat transfer coefficient and according to the standard DIN EN 10077 it indicates the amount of thermal energy lost through a window to the outside.

The U-value window is calculated using the formula W/(m²K), i.e. watts per square metre and Kelvin. This value refers to the entire window and defines the amount of energy per unit of time that flows through an area of one square meter when the air temperature on both sides differs by one Kelvin. The lower this value is, the less energy or heat the window emits.

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